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HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
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Featured Article
ANTIRETROVIRAL ROUNDS
Is She or Isn't She?Free
- February 8, 2010
An HIV-infected pregnant woman says she's taking her antiretrovirals — but the blood test results say otherwise. How would you manage?
Recent HIV/AIDS Clinical Care Articles
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Initial Antiretroviral Therapy — Switching Still Common
- February 8, 2010
- Paul E. Sax, MD
In an observational cohort study, treatment changes within the first year of therapy were common but did not reduce rates of virologic suppression.
- Reviewing:
- Elzi L et al. Arch Intern Med 2010 Jan 11; 170:57
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance — The Role of an Ultra-Sensitive Assay
- February 8, 2010
- Jonathan Z. Li, MD, and Paul E. Sax, MD
In this prospective study, 20% of treatment-naive patients had minority drug-resistance mutations detected on an ultra-sensitive assay, but the presence of such mutations did not lead to worse outcomes.
- Reviewing:
- Jakobsen MR et al. Clin Infect Dis 2010 Feb 15; 50:566
AIDS WATCH
ddI and Portal Hypertension
- February 8, 2010
The FDA has concluded that ddI use is associated with the development of noncirrhotic portal hypertension. Forty-two cases have been reported, including several that led . . .
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
TB Recurrence: Reinfection or Relapse?Free
- February 1, 2010
- Carlos del Rio, MD
Recurrences after successful TB treatment are more common among HIV-positive than HIV-negative patients, and the reasons are different: About half the recurrences in HIV-positive patients represent reinfection rather than reactivation.
- Reviewing:
- Crampin AC et al. AIDS 2010 Jan 28; 24:417
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
More from the DAD Study on Antiretrovirals and MI Risk
- February 1, 2010
- Keith Henry, MD
An increased risk for myocardial infarction was found with recent exposure to abacavir and ddI and with cumulative exposure to abacavir, indinavir, and lopinavir/ritonavir.
- Reviewing:
- Worm SW et al. J Infect Dis 2010 Feb 1; 201:318
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Isoniazid Prophylaxis in HIV-Infected PatientsFree
- February 1, 2010
- Shahin Lockman, MD, MSc
HIV-infected patients who received isoniazid preventive therapy as part of a clinical trial in Botswana had low rates of incident tuberculosis and severe adverse events; adherence was quite high.
- Reviewing:
- Mosimaneotsile B et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009 Nov 20
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
No Benefit for Directly Observed Antiretroviral Therapy
- January 21, 2010
- Bruce Soloway, MD
- General Medicine
In a meta-analysis, viral suppression was similar in observed and nonobserved patients.
- Reviewing:
- Ford N et al. Lancet 2009 Dec 19/26; 374:2064
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Pooled NAAT Following Various HIV Antibody TestsFree
- January 25, 2010
- Anna K. Person, MD, and Charles B. Hicks, MD
Pooled NAAT can improve detection of HIV infection, even when highly sensitive third-generation immunoassays are used for initial antibody testing.
- Reviewing:
- Patel P et al. Arch Intern Med 2010 Jan 11; 170:66
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Predictors of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in HIV-Infected Patients
- January 25, 2010
- Sonia Nagy Chimienti, MD
Low CD4-cell counts and high-level viremia were each associated with increased NHL risk in a cohort of HIV-infected individuals.
- Reviewing:
- Engels EA et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009 Dec 5
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Prevalence and Incidence of HBV Infection in an HIV-Positive Cohort
- January 25, 2010
- Helmut Albrecht, MD
Hepatitis B virus infection continues to be a major problem in a U.S. military cohort of HIV-infected individuals. More effective "prevention for positives" is needed.
- Reviewing:
- Chun HM et al. Clin Infect Dis 2010 Feb 1; 50:426
Editor's Picks from across Journal Watch
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Adherence to ID Specialists' Recommendations?
- February 3, 2010
- By Thomas Glück, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Community-acquired infection, advice on antibiotic nonuse or discontinuation, and recommendations for performing monitoring tests were associated with higher rates of adherence.
- Reviewing:
- J Antimicrob Chemother 2010 Jan; 65:156
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Drug-Resistant TB Among Gold Miners in South AfricaFree
- February 3, 2010
- By Mary E. Wilson, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Among gold miners in South Africa (many of them HIV infected), TB drug resistance spread despite treatment adherence.
- Reviewing:
- Emerg Infect Dis 2010 Feb; 16:264
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
What Patients Don't Know Might Hurt Them
- January 11, 2010
- By Grace C. Huang, MD
- Hospital Medicine
Patients are alarmingly unaware of medications that are prescribed to them in the hospital.
- Reviewing:
- J Hosp Med 2009 Dec 10
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Steroids Might Benefit Critically Ill Patients with Suspected H1N1 Influenza
- January 8, 2010
- By Kristi L. Koenig, MD, FACEP
- Emergency Medicine
Combined treatment with antiviral agents and steroids led to significant improvements in organ function within 1 week.
- Reviewing:
- Intensive Care Med 2009 Nov 19
Jounal Watch HIV/AIDS Clinical Care summarizes important medical journal articles about a wide variety of HIV-related subjects including acute HIV infection, antiretroviral resistance, epidemiology, hepatitis, initial therapy, medication adherence, opportunistic infections, and STDs.
