HIV/AIDS Clinical Care: Archives

ANTIRETROVIRAL ROUNDS

Is She or Isn't She?Free

• February 8, 2010

An HIV-infected pregnant woman says she's taking her antiretrovirals — but the blood test results say otherwise. How would you manage?

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Initial Antiretroviral Therapy — Switching Still Common

• February 8, 2010
• Paul E. Sax, MD

In an observational cohort study, treatment changes within the first year of therapy were common but did not reduce rates of virologic suppression.

• Reviewing:
• Elzi L et al., Arch Intern Med 2010 Jan 11; 170:57

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance — The Role of an Ultra-Sensitive Assay

• February 8, 2010
• Jonathan Z. Li, MD, and Paul E. Sax, MD

In this prospective study, 20% of treatment-naive patients had minority drug-resistance mutations detected on an ultra-sensitive assay, but the presence of such mutations did not lead to worse outcomes.

• Reviewing:
• Jakobsen MR et al., Clin Infect Dis 2010 Feb 15; 50:566

AIDS WATCH

ddI and Portal Hypertension

• February 8, 2010

The FDA has concluded that ddI use is associated with the development of noncirrhotic portal hypertension. Forty-two cases have been reported, including several that led . . .

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

TB Recurrence: Reinfection or Relapse?Free

• February 1, 2010
• Carlos del Rio, MD

Recurrences after successful TB treatment are more common among HIV-positive than HIV-negative patients, and the reasons are different: About half the recurrences in HIV-positive patients represent reinfection rather than reactivation.

• Reviewing:
• Crampin AC et al., AIDS 2010 Jan 28; 24:417

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

More from the DAD Study on Antiretrovirals and MI Risk

• February 1, 2010
• Keith Henry, MD

An increased risk for myocardial infarction was found with recent exposure to abacavir and ddI and with cumulative exposure to abacavir, indinavir, and lopinavir/ritonavir.

• Reviewing:
• Worm SW et al., J Infect Dis 2010 Feb 1; 201:318 Aberg JA and Ribaudo H., J Infect Dis 2010 Feb 1; 201:315

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Isoniazid Prophylaxis in HIV-Infected PatientsFree

• February 1, 2010
• Shahin Lockman, MD, MSc

HIV-infected patients who received isoniazid preventive therapy as part of a clinical trial in Botswana had low rates of incident tuberculosis and severe adverse events; adherence was quite high.

• Reviewing:
• Mosimaneotsile B et al., J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009 Nov 20

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Prevalence and Incidence of HBV Infection in an HIV-Positive Cohort

• January 25, 2010
• Helmut Albrecht, MD

Hepatitis B virus infection continues to be a major problem in a U.S. military cohort of HIV-infected individuals. More effective "prevention for positives" is needed.

• Reviewing:
• Chun HM et al., Clin Infect Dis 2010 Feb 1; 50:426

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Predictors of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in HIV-Infected Patients

• January 25, 2010
• Sonia Nagy Chimienti, MD

Low CD4-cell counts and high-level viremia were each associated with increased NHL risk in a cohort of HIV-infected individuals.

• Reviewing:
• Engels EA et al., J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009 Dec 5

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Pooled NAAT Following Various HIV Antibody TestsFree

• January 25, 2010
• Anna K. Person, MD, and Charles B. Hicks, MD

Pooled NAAT can improve detection of HIV infection, even when highly sensitive third-generation immunoassays are used for initial antibody testing.

• Reviewing:
• Patel P et al., Arch Intern Med 2010 Jan 11; 170:66