| Summary of Recommendations |
| 1. Maintain high level of suspicion |
|
| 2. Take risk history |
| 3. Test with qualitative HIV-DNA assay |
| 4. Treat aggressively with combination therapy |
| 5. Start all antiretrovirals together |
| 6. Monitor viral load frequently |
| 7. Confirm diagnosis with antibody testing |
| 8. Counsel patient on transmission issues |
| 9. Continue treatment without interruption |
| 10. Refer to infectious diseases specialist if possible |
| Spectrum of Presentations |
| The symptoms most commonly reported by patients are fever, sore throat, fatigue, weight loss, and myalgia. |
| Common physical findings include fever, lymphadenopathy, a macular erythematous rash, and orthostatic hypotension. |
| Several oral manifestations, including exudative pharyngitis, thrush, and oral ulcerations, are frequent during primary infection. |
| Genital or rectal ulceration, peripheral neuropathy, occasional meningoencephalitis, and thrombocytopenia have been reported. |
| The differential diagnosis of this syndrome includes Epstein-Barr virus infection, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, influenza, acute toxoplasmosis, rubella, and syphilis. |
